Report submitted by China 2nd cycle
Dans son rapport, la Chine consacre une section (paragraphes 14 à 17) à l'éducation aux droits de l'homme et une autre au droit à l'éducation (paragraphes 36 à 38)
Human rights education (paragraph 114, recommendation 7)
14. The Chinese Government has made human rights education an important element in the two National Human Rights Action plans issued to date [see paragraph 11 above], clarifying the position of the State as the main body in the compulsory system of human rights education. Currently, the sixth national five-year plan for popularizing understanding of the law, presently under implementation, includes human rights education as an important element of educating all citizens about the legal system, and emphasizes providing human rights education to leading officials at all levels, public servants and youth.
15. From October 2009 to December 2012, the Information Office of China’s State Council held a total of six training courses in knowledge of human rights for officials in the Party, Government and the judicial system at all levels. The Central Party School and Party educational units at all levels have universally incorporated human rights in their curricula and conduct human rights education for leading officials of all ranks. The Ministry of Justice is fostering awareness of the rule of law and human rights among law enforcement personnel by providing training for prison wardens from across the country, as well as educational activities in core values for law enforcement officers in the judicial administration system from around China. The Ministry of Public Security is normalizing and systematizing human rights education by sponsoring the preparation of teaching materials on police law enforcement and human rights safeguards, and requiring public security organs at all levels to set up courses on that topic in all scheduled rotational training for police officers; it also features human rights knowledge and education topics on its public security education and training website. The All-China Lawyers Association is improving the role of lawyers in safeguarding human rights by means of organizing specialized training as well as study and discussion activities for them.
16. In 2011, the Chinese Ministry of Education incorporated the Nankai University Human Rights Study Centre, the China University of Political Science and Law Institute of Human Rights Studies, and the Guangzhou University Centre for Human Rights Research and Education in the group of institutions comprising the humanities- and social sciencesfocused research base managed by the Ministry, and provided special funds for their support. The construction of a new series of national human rights education and training centres has entered the substantive assessment phase.
17. The Chinese Government encourages the central and regional news media to set up columns and features on human rights, and continues to support the development of Human Rights magazine, the China Human Rights Net and other non-governmental human rights websites. As of December 2012, the China Society for Human Rights Studies had organized a total of four national meetings for human rights research institutions throughout the country to exchange their work experience, and universities associated with the Society had held four annual meetings on human rights education in Chinese institutions of higher learning
The right to education (paragraph 114, recommendations 16 and 22)
36. In 2010, China promulgated the Outline for the National Medium and Long Term Programme for Education Reform and Development (2010–2020). From 2008 to 2011, aggregate financial investment in education grew from 1.045 trillion yuan to 1.8587 trillion yuan, representing an increase from 3.31 per cent to 3.93 per cent of overall GDP. In 2011, China instituted comprehensive nine-year compulsory education, which now covers 100 per cent of the population. The gross rate of enrolment in higher education had reached 30 per cent by the end of 2012; with a total scale of 33.25 million persons in school, China ranks first in the world in this category.
37. The Chinese Government is taking a series of policy measures to sustain the expansion of investment in the renovation of rural junior high school buildings and the construction of turnover dormitories for teachers, along with the preferential allocation of educational resources to rural, inland and western, and ethnic minority areas, that have clearly improved imbalances in education. China has set up a system of policies to provide subsidies for students from poor families, covering all stages of education from preschool to graduate study; each year, nearly 80 million students from poor families receive such subsidies, amounting in value to nearly 100 billion yuan. In the fall term of 2011, the State mobilized a pilot programme to provide nutritious-meal allowances for some 30 million rural students in compulsory education.
38. The Chinese Government attaches great importance to safeguarding the compulsory education rights of children accompanying rural workers migrating to urban areas. Currently a total of 13.9387 million such children are receiving compulsory education in cities, accounting for 9.7 per cent of the overall number of students at the compulsory education stage; 80.2 per cent of these children are enrolled in public schools. The Chinese Government will take measures to permit them to participate in local matriculation exams, gradually resolving the difficulties this group has had in continuing their studies in the localities where they completed their compulsory education. Education for disabled children has also been made more broadly available, and the education system for persons with disabilities is undergoing continuous improvement.
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